Water Supply System Configuration

In general, water distribution system can be divided into four main components:

1. Water Source and Intake works
2. Treatment work and Storage
3. Transmission main
4. Distribution Network

The common resources for the untreated or raw water are from surface water source such as rivers, lakes, springs, man made reservoirs and groundwater sources as bores and shallow wells.

Individual water supplies are usually from bores and shallow wells. Communal water supply can be from all water resources depending on quantity and quality of raw water. The raw water is transported to the treatment plant for processing thought transmission mains and stored in clear water reservoirs after treatment. The degree of treatment depends upon the raw water quality and finished water quality requirements.  

Water is carried over long distance trough transmission main to pump house or gravity reservoir then to be distribution to costumers by distribution network.

Reference: Design of water supply pipe network/ Prabhata k. Swamee, Ashok K. Sharma